Isingeniso kumakhamera we-infrared
Amakhamera we-infrared abe ithuluzi elibalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, kusukela kwezobuciko nezolimo kuya kwezempi kanye nezicelo zokugada. Lawa madivayisi anikezela ngamakhono ayingqayizivele ngokuthola ukukhanya noma ukushisa kumaza wamaza angaphezu kwe-spectrum ebonakalayo. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezingaphakathi kwe-spectrum ye-infrared zifaka phakathi i-short-wave infrared (SWIR), i-middle-wave infrared (MWIR), kanye namakhamera we-infrared we-long-wave (LWIR). Ukugxila kwethu kuzoba ekuqondeni umehluko phakathi kwekhamera ye-LWIR ne-SWIR, sihlole ubuchwepheshe bawo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezinzuzo.
Ukuqonda i-Infrared Spectrum
● Incazelo kanye Nobubanzi Bama-Wavelengths
I-spectrum ye-electromagnetic ihlanganisa ububanzi obuhlukahlukene bamaza, kusukela emisebeni ye-gamma kuya kumaza omsakazo. Ukukhanya okubonakalayo kuthatha ingxenye encane, cishe ama-micrometer angu-0.4 kuya ku-0.7. Ukukhanya kwe-infrared kudlulela ngale kwalolu bubanzi kusuka kuma-micrometer angaba ngu-0.7 kuye kwayi-14. I-SWIR ngokuvamile isukela ku-0.7 kuya ku-2.5 micrometers, kuyilapho i-LWIR ivala ibhendi ye-micrometer engu-8 kuya ku-14.
● Qhathanisa ne-Visible Light Spectrum
Nakuba ukukhanya okubonakalayo kukhawulelwe engxenyeni encane, ukukhanya kwe-infrared kunikeza ububanzi obubanzi bokubona izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukushisa nokukhanya okubonisiwe. Ngokungafani nokukhanya okubonakalayo, amaza amaza e-infrared angangena othulini, intuthu, nenkungu, anikeze izinzuzo ezihlukile ezimweni eziningi.
Amakhamera e-SWIR achaziwe
● Umsebenzi kanye Nezimpawu Ezisemqoka
Amakhamera e-SWIR athola ukukhanya kwe-infrared okuvela ezintweni, hhayi ukushisa akukhiphayo. Lesi sici sizenza zibe zinhle kakhulu ekuthwebuleni izithombe ezicacile ngisho nasezimeni zemvelo eziyinselele njengenkungu noma ukungcola. Izithombe ezikhiqizwe amakhamera e-SWIR ngokuvamile zifana nezithombe ezimnyama-ne-ezimhlophe, ezinikeza ukucaca okuphezulu nemininingwane.
● Izicelo KwezoLimo Nobuciko
Amakhamera e-SWIR athola izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi kwezolimo zokuhlola ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukuhlonza amaphutha ezithelweni nemifino, nokwenza kube lula ukuthwebula izithombe ebusuku. Ziphinde zisetshenziswe emhlabeni wezobuciko ukuze kwembule izendlalelo ezifihliwe emidwebeni, ukufakazela ubuqiniso bemisebenzi yobuciko, nokuthola izinto ezingelona iqiniso. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zifaka ukuhlolwa kwe-elekthronikhi, ukuhlolwa kwamaseli elanga, kanye nokutholwa kwemali yomgunyathi.
Izinto kanye Nobuchwepheshe kumakhamera we-SWIR
● I-Indidium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) kanye Nezinye Izinto
Ubuchwepheshe be-SWIR buthembele kakhulu ezintweni ezithuthukisiwe ezifana ne-Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs), i-Gerinium (Ge), ne-Indium Gallium Germanium Phosphide (InGaAsP). Lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo ziyazwela kumaza wamaza izinzwa ezisekelwe ku-silicon ezingakwazi ukuzibona, okuwenza abaluleke kakhulu kumakhamera we-SWIR.
● Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bekhamera ye-SWIR
Intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe be-SWIR, njenge-Sony's SenSWIR, inweba ububanzi bokuzwela ukusuka kokubonakalayo kuye kumaza wamaza we-SWIR (0.4 kuya ku-1.7 µm). Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kunemiphumela ebalulekile ekucabangeni kwe-hyperspectral nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kuthuthukiswa, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ezinye izinzwa ze-SWIR, ikakhulukazi izinzwa ze-InGaAs zokuskena kwendawo, zilawulwa yizivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, ezikhawulela ukutholakala kwazo kwezohwebo.
Amakhamera we-MWIR: Izici nokusetshenziswa
● Ukutholwa Kwemisebe Eshisayo Ephakathi - I-Wave Infrared
Amakhamera e-MWIR athola imisebe eshisayo ekhishwa izinto ezisebangeni le-micrometer eli-3 ukuya ku-5. Lawa makhamera awusizo ngokukhethekile ekutholeni ukuvuza kwegesi, njengoba ekwazi ukuthwebula ukukhishwa okushisayo okungabonakali ngeso lenyama.
● Ukubaluleka Ekutholeni Nokuvuza Kwegesi kanye Nokugada
Amakhamera e-MWIR abaluleke kakhulu ezilungiselelweni zezimboni zokuhlonza ukuvuza kwegesi enobuthi. Ziphinde zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zokuphepha, ezifana nokugadwa komjikelezo wesikhumulo sezindiza, ukuqapha ukuhamba kwemikhumbi, nokuvikela ingqalasizinda ebalulekile. Ikhono lazo lokubona amasiginesha okushisa lizenza zilungele ukuqapha imishini nezinye izinhlelo ezisebenzisa amagesi ayingozi.
Izinzuzo zamakhamera we-MWIR
● Ibanga Eliphezulu Ezindaweni Ezithize
Ukuphakama kwamakhamera e-MWIR kusekwazini kwawo ukunikeza ububanzi bokutholwa okude, cishe izikhathi ezi-2.5 kude kuneikhamera ye-lwirs. Leli khono lizenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zokugada nokuqapha okude.
● Ukusetshenziswa Kumasethingi Okuswakama Okuphezulu Nasogwini
Amakhamera e-MWIR angasebenza kahle endaweni enomswakama ophezulu nasezindaweni ezingasogwini, lapho ezinye izinhlobo zamakhamera zingase zibe nzima. Idizayini yazo ehlangene futhi engasindi izenza zifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinosayizi oqinile, isisindo, namandla (i-SWaP), njengokusebenza emoyeni.
Amakhamera we-LWIR kanye nezicelo zawo
● I-Long-Ukutholwa kwe-Infrared ye-Wave kanye Nokukhishwa kwe-Thermal
Amakhamera e-LWIR ahamba phambili ekutholeni ukukhishwa kwe-thermal ebangeni lama-micrometer angu-8 kuya kwangu-14. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu emisebenzini yezempi, ukulandelela izilwane zasendle, nokuhlolwa kwezakhiwo ngenxa yekhono lazo lokuthola amasignesha okushisa ngisho nasebumnyameni obuphelele.
● Ukusetshenziswa Kwezempi, Ukulandela Izilwane Zasendle, Nokuhlola Izakhiwo
Emisebenzini yezempi, amakhamera e-LWIR abalulekile ekutholeni izilwi zezitha noma izimoto ezifihliwe ngamahlamvu. Zibuye zisetshenziselwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokubona ebusuku kanye nokubona izingozi zomgwaqo. Kuzicelo zezakhamuzi, abahloli bezakhiwo basebenzisa amakhamera e-LWIR ukuhlonza izindawo ezinokufakwa okungekuhle noma ezinomonakalo wamanzi.
Ubuchwepheshe Ngemva LWIR Amakhamera
● Izinto ze-Microbolometer ezifana ne-Vanadium oxide
Amakhamera e-LWIR avame ukusebenzisa ama-microbolometers enziwe nge-vanadium oxide (Vox) noma i-amorphous silicon (a-Si) ukuze athole ukukhishwa kwe-thermal. Lezi zinto ziklanyelwe ukuthi zingazweli kancane kumsindo oshisayo, okuvumela ukufundwa kwezinga lokushisa okunembe kakhudlwana.
● Apholile vs. Amakhamera we-LWIR Angapholisiwe
Amakhamera e-LWIR eza ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: apholisiwe futhi angapholisiwe. Amakhamera apholile we-LWIR anikezela ngemininingwane ephezulu yesithombe kodwa adinga okokusebenza okukhethekile okupholisa, okuwenza abize kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhamera we-LWIR angapholisiwe, avame ukusetshenziselwa ukugada okuvamile, ahlinzeka ngemininingwane eyanele ukuze kutholwe abantu, izilwane, noma izimoto.
Ukuhlaziywa Okuqhathanisayo: I-SWIR vs. MWIR vs. LWIR
● Umehluko Oyinhloko Ekusebenzeni nasekusebenziseni
Amakhamera e-SWIR ahamba phambili ekuthwebuleni izithombe ezimeni zemvelo eziyinselele ngokuthola ukukhanya okubonisiwe, azenze zilungele ukulima, ubuciko, nokuhlolwa kwezinto zikagesi. Amakhamera e-MWIR afaneleka kakhulu ukuthola ukuvuza kwegesi kanye nokuqapha - ibanga elide ngenxa yobubanzi bawo obuphezulu namandla okusebenza ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezulu. Amakhamera e-LWIR abalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezempi nezilwane zasendle, akwazi ukubona ukukhishwa okushisayo ngamahlamvu nasebumnyameni obuphelele.
● Amandla nobuthakathaka bohlobo ngalunye
Amakhamera e-SWIR ahlukahlukene kakhulu kodwa anganqunyelwa imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe. Amakhamera e-MWIR anikeza ukutholwa kobubanzi obude futhi awathintwa kancane izimo zomkhathi kodwa angadinga amasistimu okupholisa. Amakhamera e-LWIR ahlinzeka ngamakhono amahle kakhulu wokuthwebula izithombe ezishisayo kodwa angangenwa kalula nomsindo oshisayo ngaphandle kokupholisa okwanele.
Ukukhetha ikhamera ye-infrared efanele
● Ukucatshangelwa Okusekelwe Ezidingweni Ezithize
Uma ukhetha ikhamera ye-infrared, kubalulekile ukucabangela izidingo ezithile zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Uma udinga ukuhlola imikhiqizo yezolimo, uhlonze imali yomgunyathi, noma uthole izendlalelo ezifihliwe kwezobuciko, amakhamera e-SWIR ayinketho engcono kakhulu. Ukuze uthole ukuvuza kwegesi noma ukwenza ukugada okude-ububanzi, amakhamera e-MWIR alungile. Amakhamera e-LWIR afanele ukulandelwa kwezempi, izilwane zasendle, nokuhlolwa kwezakhiwo.
● Uhlolojikelele lwezicelo zomkhakha kanye nezincomo
Izimboni ezahlukene zinezidingo ezihlukile ezinquma ukukhetha kwamakhamera we-infrared. Izimboni zezolimo, ezobuciko, neze-elekthronikhi ziyazuza ekhonweni lamakhamera we-SWIR lokuthwebula izithombe ezicacile ezimeni eziyinselele. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni nezokuphepha zivame ukudinga amakhamera we-MWIR ngamakhono azo okuthola ibanga elide. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zezempi, izilwane zasendle, nokuhlola izakhiwo zithembele kumakhamera e-LWIR ekusebenzeni kwawo okuphakeme kwesithombe esishisayo.
Isiphetho
Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwekhamera ye-LWIR ne-SWIR kubalulekile ekukhetheni ithuluzi elifanele lezidingo zakho ezithile. Uhlobo ngalunye lwekhamera lunikeza izinzuzo namakhono ahlukile, okuwenza abaluleke kakhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ngokucabangela izidingo ezithile zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ungakhetha ikhamera ye-infrared efanelekile ukuze uzuze imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
MayelanaKuhle
I-Hangzhou Savgood Technology, eyasungulwa ngoMeyi 2013, inikeza izixazululo ze-CCTV ezichwepheshile. Ithimba le-Savgood lineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-13 yokuhlangenwe nakho embonini yezokuphepha nokugada, elihlanganisa ihadiwe nesofthiwe, amasistimu e-analog nenethiwekhi, kanye nesithombe esibonakalayo nesishisayo. Amakhamera we-bi-spectrum e-Savgood, anawo womabili amamojula ashisayo e-LWIR abonakalayo, anikeza izixazululo zokuphepha ezibanzi ezimweni zezulu ezihlukahlukene. Imikhiqizo yabo ihlanganisa ichashazi, idome, idome le-PTZ, kanye namakhamera we-PTZ anonemba aphezulu-alayisha, ahlinzekela izidingo zokugada ezihlukahlukene. I-Savgood iphinde inikeze izinsiza ze-OEM ne-ODM ezisuselwe kuzidingo zamakhasimende, isebenzela amakhasimende emhlabeni wonke emikhakheni efana nezempi, ezokwelashwa, nezisetshenziswa zezimboni.
