Emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe bokugada obusezingeni eliphezulu, ukukhetha uhlobo olulungile lwesistimu yekhamera kungaba yisinqumo esiyinselele nesinomthelela. Njengoba kunenqwaba yezinketho ezitholakalayo, ubuchwepheshe obubili obuvame ukukhonjwa amakhamera e-Infrared (IR) namakhamera we-Night Vision. Le ndatshana ihlose ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlola-okujulile kwalobu buchwepheshe obubili, ukusiza abathengi namabhizinisi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi.
Isingeniso ku-Surveillance Technologies
● Isidingo Esikhulayo Sezixazululo Zokuvikela
Isidingo somhlaba wonke sobuchwepheshe bokugada esithuthukile besilokhu sikhula kancane kancane, siqhutshwa amazinga obugebengu akhuphukayo kanye nesidingo sokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe. Ngalesi sidingo esikhulayo, abathengi bavame ukubhekana nokukhethwa okwethusayo kwezinketho, ngayinye ethembisa amazinga ahlukahlukene okusebenza nokusebenza. Le ndlela yokwakheka kwezwe ikwenza kubaluleke ukuqonda umehluko obalulekile phakathi kobuchwepheshe obubalulekile obufana namakhamera e-IR namakhamera e-Night Vision.
● Uhlolojikelele olufushane lwe-IR kanye namakhamera okubona ebusuku
Womabili amakhamera e-IR kanye namakhamera we-Night Vision asebenza umsebenzi obalulekile wokuthwebula izithombe ngezimo eziphansi-ezikhanyayo noma ezingekho-ezikhanyayo. Kodwa-ke, izindlela abazisebenzisayo ukufeza lokhu zihluke ngokusobala, zilawulwa yizinhlobo zezinzwa nobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa ababusebenzisayo. Nakuba amakhamera e-IR ethembele ekukhanyeni kwe-infrared engabonakali, amakhamera e-Night Vision avame ukukhulisa ukukhanya okutholakalayo ukuze anikeze izithombe ezibonakalayo.
● Ukubaluleka Kokukhetha Uhlobo Lwekhamera Elungile
Ukukhetha ikhamera yokugada efanele kubaluleke kakhulu, kuye ngezidingo ezithile zekhaya lakho noma ibhizinisi. Okuguquguqukayo njengezimo zokukhanyisa, izici zemvelo, kanye nemikhawulo yesabelomali konke kunendima ebalulekile kule nqubo-yokwenza izinqumo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza ukhethe inketho engcono kakhulu, uqinisekise ukuvikeleka okuphezulu nokuthula kwengqondo.
Umehluko Wezobuchwepheshe Phakathi Kwe-IR kanye Nombono Wasebusuku
● Izimiso Zokusebenza: I-Infrared vs. Night Vision
Ikhamera ye-IR isebenzisa ama-LED e-infrared ukukhanyisa indawo eyiqaphayo. Ama-LED akhipha ukukhanya kwe-infrared okungabonakali ngeso lomuntu kodwa okungathathwa yinzwa yekhamera, okuyenza ikwazi ukukhiqiza isithombe esicacile ngisho nasebumnyameni obuphelele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhamera e-Night Vision avame ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisa isithombe ukuze akhulise ukukhanya okukhona, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuvela enyangeni, ezinkanyezini, noma emithonjeni yokwenziwa, ukuze akhiqize isithombe esibonakalayo.
● Izinhlobo zezinzwa nemithombo yokukhanya esetshenziswayo
Amakhamera e-IR ngokuvamile asebenzisa izinzwa ezizwela ukukhanya kwe-IR, kuyilapho ehlanganisa ama-IR LED amaningi asebenza njengomthombo wokukhanya ongabonakali. Amakhamera we-Night Vision, ngokuphambene, asebenzisa izinzwa zesithombe ezizwela kakhulu ezingasebenza ngokukhanya okuncane kwe-ambient. Lezi zinzwa zikhulisa ukukhanya futhi zenze isithombe esikhanyayo esivela ekukhanyeni okuncane kakhulu kwemvelo.
● Ukuqhathaniswa Kwamasu Okucubungula Isithombe
Izindlela zokucubungula izithombe phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamakhamera nazo zihlukile. Amakhamera e-IR athembele ekukhanyeni kwe-IR ecisha izinto ukuze akhiqize isithombe, ngokuvamile okuholela kuzithombe ezimnyama-ne-ezimhlophe. Amakhamera we-Night Vision asebenzisa ukucubungula kwedijithali ukuze athuthukise isithombe, okuholela ekubukeni okucacile nokunemininingwane eyengeziwe, nakuba ukusebenza kahle kuncike kakhulu enanini lokukhanya okutholakalayo.
Umbala Wamakhono Ekhamera Yokubona Ebusuku
● Okugcwele-Umbala Wesithombe Ekukhanyeni Okuphansi
Esinye sezici ezivelele zamakhamera we-Color Night Vision yikhono lawo lokuthwebula izithombe ezigcwele-ezinemibala ngisho nasezimeni eziphansi-nokukhanya. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimeni lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwemibala kubalulekile, njengokukhomba izingubo zokugqoka noma imibala yemoto.
● Izinzwa Zesithombe Ezithuthukile Nobuchwepheshe
Amakhamera e-Colour Vision Night afakwe izinzwa ezithuthukisiwe ezingathwebula futhi zikhulise ukukhanya okuncane, okuvumela izithombe ezinemininingwane nemibalabala. Lezi zinzwa zivame ukuhlanganiswa nama-algorithms esofthiwe athuthukisa ikhwalithi yesithombe futhi anikeze ulwazi olucacile olubonakalayo.
● Okuhle Nokubi
Okuhle:
- Okugcwele-izithombe ezinemibala zinikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe lokuhlonza.
- Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe okuphansi-okukhanyayo uma kuqhathaniswa namakhamera omdabu.
- Isebenza njengesivimbelo esiqinile ngenxa yokubonakala kwevidiyo erekhodiwe.
Ububi:
- Ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nezinzwa.
- Ukusebenza okunomkhawulo ebumnyameni obuphelele ngaphandle kokukhanya okwengeziwe kwe-ambient.
- Ingaphazanyiswa izimo zemvelo ezifana nenkungu noma imvula enkulu.
Amakhono ekhamera ye-infrared
● Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Infrared LEDs Ukukhanyisa
Amakhamera we-infrared asebenzisa ama-IR LEDs ukukhanyisa indawo yawo yokubuka. Lawa ma-LED akhipha ukukhanya ku-spectrum ye-infrared, engabonakali ngeso lomuntu kodwa ingathwetshulwa inzwa yekhamera ye-IR-ezwelayo, eyivumela ukuthi ikhiqize isithombe esicacile ngisho nasezimeni ezimnyama.
● Amandla Okusebenza Ebumnyameni Obuphelele
Enye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zamakhamera e-IR amandla awo okusebenza ngokuphelele ebumnyameni obuphelele. Lokhu kuzenza zilungele ukugadwa ebusuku-isikhathi kanye nezindawo ezingenakho ukukhanya okuzungezile, njengezindawo ezikude noma izindawo ezingakhanyiswe kahle.
●
● Okuhle Nokubi
Okuhle:
- Isebenza ebumnyameni obuphelele.
- Ilungele ukugadwa okuhlakaniphile ngenxa yokukhanya okungabonakali kwe-IR.
- Inikeza ukugada okuqhubekayo kungakhathaliseki izimo zokukhanyisa.
Ububi:
- Izithombe ngokuvamile zimnyama nokumhlophe, okungenzeka zingabi nemininingwane.
- Izinkinga zokuchayeka ngokweqile zingenzeka ngaphansi kwemithombo yokukhanya ekhanyayo.
- Amandla akhawulelwe okukhiqiza imibala ngesikhathi sasebusuku.
Ikhwalithi Yesithombe Nokucaca
● Umbono Wasebusuku Wombala vs. Isithombe Se-infrared
Uma kuqhathaniswa ikhwalithi yesithombe, amakhamera oMbala Wasebusuku anikezela ngomphetho ngesithombe-esinemibala yawo egcwele, athuthukisa ikhono lokuhlonza imininingwane amakhamera we-IR amnyama-na-mhlophe angase ayigeje. Ukudlidliza nokunotha kwemibala kumakhamera e-Night Vision kungabaluleka ezimweni ezithile zokugada.
● Ukujula, Imininingwane, Nokunotha Okubonakalayo
Amakhamera we-Color Night Vision ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngokujula okungcono nemininingwane ezithombeni zawo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinto nabantu. Ngokuphambene, amakhamera e-IR, nakuba esebenza ebumnyameni obuphelele, angase akhiqize izithombe ezingenakho ukudlidliza nemininingwane etholakala kuzithombe ze-Colour Night Vision.
● Ukusebenza Kwesimo
Ukusebenza kohlobo ngalunye lwekhamera kuhambisana nezimo. Amakhamera ombala we-Night Vision angcono kakhulu ezindaweni lapho izimo eziphansi-nokukhanya zikhona kodwa kukhona ukukhanya okuthile. Amakhamera e-IR azifanele kangcono izindawo ezingenakho ukukhanya noma lapho kudingeka khona ukugadwa okunobuhlakani, okuyimfihlo.
Izimo zokukhanyisa nokusebenza
● Ukuziphatha Ezimeni Ezihlukahlukene Zokukhanyisa
Ukusebenza kwawo womabili amakhamera e-IR kanye ne-Night Vision kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngezimo zokukhanya. Amakhamera Okubona Kwasebusuku Ngombala asebenza kahle kakhulu ezimeni-ezikhanyayo kodwa angadinga ukukhanya okuthile ukuze athwebule izithombe ezicacile. Amakhamera e-IR, ngokuphambene, asebenza kahle ngokunganaki ukukhanya okukhona, okuwenza asebenziseke ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kuzo zonke izimo zokukhanya.
● Umthelela Wezici Zemvelo
Izici zemvelo ezifana nenkungu, imvula, noma iqhwa zingathinta zombili izinhlobo zamakhamera. Amakhamera e-IR angase abhekane nezinselele ngokuboniswa futhi ahlakazeke kusuka kulezi zici, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukucaca kwesithombe. Amakhamera we-Night Vision angase athwale kanzima ezimweni ezinjalo kodwa anganikeza ikhwalithi yesithombe engcono ngamasu athuthukisiwe okucubungula izithombe.
● Ukusebenza Ngaphansi Kokukhanya Okwenziwayo
Womabili amakhamera e-IR kanye ne-Night Vision angathinteka ekukhanyeni okwenziwe. Izibani zokwenziwa ezinamandla zingabangela izinkinga zokuchayeka ngokweqile kumakhamera e-IR, kuthinte ikhwalithi yesithombe. Amakhamera we-Night Vision, ngenkathi engcono ekulawuleni ukukhanya okwenziwayo, angaba nzima uma umthombo wokukhanya uqine kakhulu.
Ibanga kanye Nendawo Yokumboza
● Ibanga Lokugada Elisebenzayo Lohlobo Ngalunye
Uhla lokugadwa lwamakhamera e-IR luvamise ukudlula olwamakhamera e-Night Vision, ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwawo ama-IR LED akwazi ukukhanyisa izindawo ezinkulu. Amakhamera we-Night Vision, nakuba esebenza kahle, angase angafaki ububanzi obubanzi ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okwengeziwe.
● Izimo Zokusebenza Zezindawo Ezinkulu noma Ezincane
Amakhamera e-IR afaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni ezinkulu lapho ukukhanya kwe-ambient kukuncane noma kungekho khona, okuwenza alungele ukugadwa ngaphandle. Amakhamera we-Night Vision ahamba phambili ezindaweni ezincane, ezivalekile ezinezinga elithile lokukhanya kwe-ambient, okuwenza afaneleke kangcono izinhlelo zokusebenza zasendlini.
● Ukulinganiselwa Namandla
Amakhamera we-IR:
- Amandla: Ibanga elihle kakhulu nokusebenza ebumnyameni obuphelele.
- Imikhawulo: Kukhawulelwe kusithombe esimnyama-na-esimhlophe, esingaba nezinkinga zokuchayeka ngokweqile.
Amakhamera Okubona Kwasebusuku:
- Amandla: High-ikhwalithi, egcwele-izithombe ezinombala ekukhanyeni okuphansi.
- Imikhawulo: Isebenza kancane ngaphandle kokukhanya kwe-ambient, ibiza kakhulu.
Izindleko kanye Nokutholakala Kwemakethe
● Umehluko Wamanani Asekelwe Kubuchwepheshe
Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nezinzwa ezisetshenziswa kumakhamera e-Colour Night Vision ngokuvamile ziwenza abize kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namakhamera e-IR. Ukwehluka kwezindleko kuphinde kuthonywe amalensi akhethekile namaphrosesa ezithombe adingekayo ukuze uthole umbono wasebusuku ophezulu-wekhwalithi.
● Amathrendi Emakethe Nokutholakala
Imakethe yobuchwepheshe bokugada iyaqhubeka nokuvela, ngawo womabili amakhamera e-IR kanye ne-Night Vision abona ukuthuthuka kwamakhono kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko. Amakhamera e-Wholesale IR, ikakhulukazi abakhiqizi bamakhamera e-IR e-China, asefinyeleleka kalula, ahlinzeka ngezinketho ezithengekayo ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ikhwalithi.
● Inani Lokucatshangelwa Kwemali
Uma kucatshangelwa inani lemali, amakhamera e-IR avame ukwethula isixazululo esibiza kakhulu-esisebenza ngempumelelo sezidingo eziyisisekelo zokugada, ikakhulukazi ebumnyameni obuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezidinga izithombe ezinemininingwane, ezinemibala-ecebile, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kumakhamera we-Color Night Vision kungathethelelwa.
I-Stealth kanye ne-Covert Surveillance
● Ukubonakala Kokusebenza Kwekhamera
Amakhamera e-IR anikeza inzuzo enkulu ekugadweni okuyimfihlo ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwawo ukukhanya okungabonakali kwe-IR, okwenza ukusebenza kwekhamera kungabonakali ngeso lomuntu. Leli khono lokufihla libalulekile kuzimo ezidinga ukuqapha okunobuhlakani.
● Izicelo Ezidinga Ukuqapha Okuhlakaniphile
Indawo efana nezindawo eziyimfihlo, izindawo zebhizinisi ezibucayi, nemisebenzi yezokuphepha ngokuvamile idinga ukuqapha okunobuhlakani. Amakhamera e-IR alungele lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza, ahlinzeka ngokugada okusebenzayo ngaphandle kokuxwayisa abangaba abangenele.
● Izinzuzo Nemikhawulo
Izinzuzo:
- Ukusebenza okuyimfihlo kulungele ukugadwa komshoshaphansi.
- Isebenza ebumnyameni obuphelele ngaphandle kokuxwayisa abahlaseli.
Imikhawulo:
- Ukushoda kwemininingwane yombala ezithombeni.
- Ukuchayeka ngokweqile okungaba khona ngaphansi kwemithombo yokukhanya ekhanyayo.
Ukukhetha Okulungile
● Ukuhlola Izidingo Zomuntu Ngaye kanye Nezintandokazi
Ukukhetha phakathi kwamakhamera e-IR namakhamera e-Night Vision ekugcineni kuncike ekuhloleni izidingo zakho ezithile nezinto ozikhethayo. Cabangela izici ezifana nekhwalithi yesithombe edingekayo, izimo zokukhanya zendawo, nokuthi ingabe ukugadwa okuyimfihlo kuyadingeka yini.
● Izindleko Zokulinganisa, Ikhwalithi, Nokusebenza
Ukulinganisa izindleko, ikhwalithi, nokusebenza kubalulekile lapho ukhetha ikhamera egadayo. Nakuba amakhamera e-IR angase anikeze izinketho ezithengekayo, amakhamera e-Night Vision ahlinzeka ngekhwalithi yesithombe ephakeme nemininingwane yombala. Ukulinganisa lezi zici kungakusiza wenze isinqumo unolwazi.
● Izincomo Ezisekelwe Ezimweni Zokusebenzisa
Ezindaweni ezinkulu ezingaphandle noma ubumnyama obuphelele, amakhamera e-IR ayanconywa ngenxa yobubanzi bawo kanye nokusebenza okuphumelelayo ezimweni eziphansi-zokukhanya. Ezikhaleni zasendlini noma izindawo ezidinga izithombe ezinemininingwane, amakhamera oMbala Wasebusuku alingana kangcono. Amakhamera e-Wholesale e-IR avela kubahlinzeki bekhamera ye-IR abahloniphekile angahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezingabizi-eziphumelelayo zokuthenga ngobuningi.
I-Savgood: Umhlinzeki Oholayo Wezixazululo Zokubhekwa Okuthuthukile
I-HangzhouKuhleUbuchwepheshe, obusungulwe ngoMeyi 2013, bunikezelwe ekuhlinzekeni ngezixazululo ze-CCTV ezichwepheshile. Njengoba inesipiliyoni seminyaka engu-13 embonini Yezokuphepha Nokuqapha, i-Savgood igxile kumakhamera we-bi-spectrum ahlanganisa amamojula abonakalayo, i-IR, kanye namamojula wekhamera eshisayo ye-LWIR. Lawa makhamera amboza ibanga elibanzi lokugada futhi anikeza izici ezithuthukile ezifana ne-80x optical zoom kanye ne-ultra-long-kutholwa kwebanga. Imikhiqizo ye-Savgood isetshenziswa kabanzi kuzo zonke izimboni nasemazweni ahlukahlukene, iqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphelele nokubhekwa. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, vakashela i-Savgood ukuze uhlole izixazululo zabo zokugada ezithuthukisiwe.
