Intshayelelo kwiikhamera ze-Infrared
Iikhamera ze-infrared ziye zaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kubugcisa kunye nezolimo ukuya emkhosini kunye nezicelo zokucupha. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngezakhono ezizodwa ngokubona ukukhanya okanye ubushushu kumaza obude obungaphaya kwembonakalo ebonakalayo. Iindidi eziphambili kwi-spectrum ye-infrared ziquka i-infrared (SWIR), i-middle-wave infrared (MWIR), kunye neekhamera ze-infrared (LWIR) ende. Ugxininiso lwethu luya kuba kukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwe-LWIR kunye neekhamera ze-SWIR, sivavanya itekhnoloji yazo, usetyenziso, kunye nezinto eziluncedo.
Ukuqonda i-Infrared Spectrum
● Inkcazo kunye noluhlu lweeWavelengths
I-electromagnetic spectrum ibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwamaza amaza, ukusuka kwimitha ye-gamma ukuya kumaza erediyo. Ukukhanya okubonakalayo kuthatha indawo emxinwa, malunga ne-0.4 ukuya kwi-0.7 micrometers. Ukukhanya kwe-infrared kunabela ngaphaya kolu luhlu ukusuka malunga ne-0.7 ukuya kwi-14 ye-micrometer. I-SWIR ngokuqhelekileyo iqala kwi-0.7 ukuya kwi-2.5 micrometers, ngelixa i-LWIR igubungela i-8 ukuya kwi-14 micrometer band.
● Thelekisa kunye neSpectrum yokukhanya okubonakalayo
Ngelixa ukukhanya okubonakalayo kunqunyelwe kwinxalenye encinci, ukukhanya kwe-infrared kunika uluhlu olubanzi ngakumbi lokubona izinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubushushu kunye nokukhanya okubonakalayo. Ngokungafaniyo nokukhanya okubonakalayo, i-infrared wavelengths inokungena uthuli, umsi, kunye nenkungu, inika izibonelelo ezizodwa kwiimeko ezininzi.
Iikhamera ze-SWIR zicacisiwe
● Umsebenzi kunye neeMpawu eziPhambili
Iikhamera ze-SWIR zibona ukukhanya kwe-infrared okuvezwe ngaphandle kwezinto, hayi ubushushu ezibukhuphayo. Olu phawu lubenza balunge ngakumbi ekubambeni imifanekiso ecacileyo nakwimeko ezicelomngeni zokusingqongileyo njengenkungu okanye ungcoliseko. Imifanekiso eveliswe ziikhamera ze-SWIR zihlala zifana neefoto ezimnyama namhlophe, zinika ukucaca okuphezulu kunye neenkcukacha.
● Izicelo kwezoLimo noBugcisa
Iikhamera ze-SWIR zifumana usetyenziso olubanzi kwezolimo lokuhlola umgangatho wemveliso, ukuchonga iziphene kwiziqhamo kunye nemifuno, kunye nokuququzelela umfanekiso wasebusuku. Zikwasetyenziswa kwihlabathi lobugcisa ukufumanisa iileya ezifihlakeleyo kwimizobo, ukuqinisekiswa kwemisebenzi yobugcisa, kunye nokufumanisa inkohliso. Ezinye izicelo ziquka ukuhlolwa kombane, ukuhlolwa kweeseli zelanga, kunye nokubhaqwa kwemali yomgunyathi.
Izinto eziphathekayo kunye neTekhnoloji kwiiKhamera ze-SWIR
● I-Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) kunye nezinye izinto
Itekhnoloji ye-SWIR ixhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto eziphambili ezifana ne-Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs), i-Germanium (Ge), kunye ne-Indium Gallium Germanium Phosphide (InGaAsP). Ezi zixhobo zinobuntununtunu kubude obungabonwanga ziinzwa ezisekwe kwisilicon, nto leyo ezenza zibe yimfuneko kwiikhamera ze-SWIR.
● Ukuqhubela phambili kwi-SWIR Camera Technology
Inkqubela phambili yakutsha nje kubuchwepheshe be-SWIR, njenge-Sony's SenSWIR, yandisa uluhlu lobuntununtunu ukusuka kokubonakalayo ukuya kumaza amaza e-SWIR (0.4 ukuya kwi-1.7 µm). Olu phuculo lunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumfanekiso we-hyperspectral kunye nezinye izicelo ezikhethekileyo. Ngaphandle kolu phuculo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezinye izinzwa ze-SWIR, ngakumbi iisenso ze-InGaAs ze-InGaAs, zilawulwa zizivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, zinciphisa ukufumaneka kwazo kwezorhwebo.
Iikhamera ze-MWIR: Iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa
● Ukufunyanwa kweRadiation ye-Thermal kwi-Mid-Wave Infrared
Iikhamera ze-MWIR zibona ukusasazeka kwemitha ye-thermal ekhutshwa zizinto ezikuluhlu lweemicrometer ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5. Ezi khamera ziluncedo kakhulu ekuboneni ukuvuza kwegesi, njengoko zinokubamba ukukhutshwa kwe-thermal engabonakaliyo ngeliso lenyama.
● Ukubaluleka ekuFundeni ukuvuza kweGesi kunye nokuHlolwa
Iikhamera ze-MWIR zixabiseke kakhulu kwiindawo zemizi-mveliso ukuchonga ukuvuza kwerhasi eyityhefu. Zikwasetyenziswa kwizicelo zokhuseleko, ezinjengokujongwa komyinge wesikhululo seenqwelomoya, ukujongwa kwetrafikhi yenqanawa, kunye nokukhuselwa kweziseko ezingundoqo ezibalulekileyo. Ukukwazi kwabo ukubona utyikityo lobushushu kubenza balungele ukujonga oomatshini kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezisebenzisa iigesi eziyingozi.
Izinto eziluncedo kwi-MWIR Cameras
● Uluhlu oluPhezulu kwiiNdawo ezithile
Ukuphakama kweekhamera ze-MWIR kusekukwazini kwazo ukunika uluhlu olude lokubona, malunga namaxesha angama-2.5 kude kune.ikhamera ye-lwirs. Esi sikhundla sibenza balungele ukubekwa esweni okude kunye nokubeka iliso kwizicelo.
● Usetyenziso kuMfufu oPhezulu kunye neeSetingi ezingaseluNxwemeni
Iikhamera ze-MWIR zinokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiindawo zokufuma eziphezulu kunye neendawo eziselunxwemeni, apho ezinye iindidi zekhamera zinokusokola. Uyilo lwabo oludityanisiweyo kunye nolukhaphukhaphu lubenza balungele usetyenziso olunobukhulu obungqongqo, ubunzima, kunye namandla (i-SWaP) iimfuno, ezifana nokusebenza emoyeni.
Iikhamera ze-LWIR kunye nezicelo zazo
● Ukufunyanwa kwe-Infrared ye-Long-Wave kunye ne-Thermal Emissions
Iikhamera ze-LWIR zigqwesa ekuboneni ukukhutshwa kwe-thermal kwi-8 ukuya kwi-14 micrometer range. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimisebenzi yasemkhosini, ukulandelela izilwanyana zasendle, kunye nokuhlolwa kwezakhiwo ngenxa yokukwazi kwabo ukubona utyikityo lobushushu nokuba sekumnyam’ entla.
● Ukusetyenziswa eMikhosini, Ekulandeleni Izilwanyana Zasendle, nakuHlolo Lwezakhiwo
Kwimisebenzi yasemkhosini, iikhamera ze-LWIR zibalulekile ekubhaqeni abalweli botshaba okanye izithuthi ezifihliweyo ngamahlamvu. Zikwasetyenziswa kwizicelo zokubona ebusuku kunye nokukhangela iingozi zendlela. Kwizicelo zoluntu, abahloli bezakhiwo basebenzisa iikhamera ze-LWIR ukuchonga iindawo ezinokufakwa okungekuhle okanye ukonakala kwamanzi.
Itekhnoloji ngasemva kweekhamera ze-LWIR
● Izinto zeMicrobolometer njengeVanadium Oxide
Iikhamera ze-LWIR zihlala zisebenzisa i-microbolometers ezenziwe nge-vanadium oxide (Vox) okanye i-amorphous silicon (a-Si) ukufumanisa ukukhutshwa kwe-thermal. Ezi zixhobo ziyilelwe ukuba zingachukumisi kakhulu kwingxolo ye-thermal, zivumela ukufundwa kobushushu obuchanekileyo.
● Ipholile xa ithelekiswa neeKhamera ze-LWIR ezingapholiswanga
Iikhamera ze-LWIR ziza kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili: ezipholileyo kwaye azipholile. Iikhamera ezipholileyo ze-LWIR zibonelela ngeenkcukacha zomfanekiso ophezulu kodwa zifuna izixhobo zokupholisa ezikhethekileyo, zizenza zibiza kakhulu. Iikhamera ze-LWIR ezingapholiswanga, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukubeka iliso ngokubanzi, ukubonelela ngeenkcukacha ezaneleyo zokubona abantu, izilwanyana, okanye izithuthi.
Uhlalutyo lothelekiso: SWIR vs. MWIR vs. LWIR
● Iiyantlukwano eziphambili kwiNdlela yokuSebenza nokuSebenza
Iikhamera ze-SWIR zigqwesa ekuthatheni imifanekiso kwiimeko ezicelomngeni zokusingqongileyo ngokubona ukukhanya okubonakalayo, kuyenza ilungele ulimo, ubugcisa kunye nokuhlolwa kombane. Iikhamera ze-MWIR zifaneleke kakhulu ukubona ukuvuza kwegesi kunye nokucupha ixesha elide ngenxa yoluhlu oluphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemozulu. Iikhamera ze-LWIR zibalulekile kwizicelo zomkhosi kunye nezilwanyana zasendle, ezikwaziyo ukubona ukukhutshwa kwe-thermal ngamahlamvu kunye nobumnyama obupheleleyo.
● Amandla kunye nobuthathaka bodidi ngalunye
Iikhamera ze-SWIR zisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi kodwa zinokuthintelwa yimithetho yehlabathi. Iikhamera ze-MWIR zibonelela ngobhaqo kuluhlu olude kwaye azichatshazelwa kangako ziimeko zomoya kodwa zinokufuna iinkqubo zokupholisa. Iikhamera ze-LWIR zibonelela ngesakhono esihle sokucinga nge-thermal kodwa zinokuchaphazeleka ngakumbi kwingxolo yobushushu ngaphandle kokupholisa okwaneleyo.
Ukukhetha iKhamera yeInfrared eLungileyo
● Uqwalaselo Olusekelwe Kwiimfuno Ezikhethekileyo
Xa ukhetha ikhamera ye-infrared, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimfuno ezithile zesicelo sakho. Ukuba kufuneka uhlole iimveliso zezolimo, uchonge imali yomgunyathi, okanye utyhile iileya ezifihliweyo kubugcisa, iikhamera ze-SWIR lolona khetho lulungileyo. Ukubona ukuvuza kwerhasi okanye ukwenza uphononongo olude, iikhamera ze-MWIR zifanelekile. Iikhamera ze-LWIR zifanelekile emkhosini, ukulandelwa kwezilwanyana zasendle, kunye nokuhlolwa kwesakhiwo.
● Isishwankathelo sezicelo zoShishino kunye neeNgcebiso
Amashishini ahlukeneyo aneemfuno ezizodwa eziyalela ukuba kukhethwe iikhamera ze-infrared. Ezolimo, ubugcisa, kunye namashishini ombane axhamla kwisakhono seekhamera zeSWIR zokuthatha imifanekiso ecacileyo kwiimeko ezinzima. Imizi-mveliso kunye nezicelo zokhuseleko zihlala zifuna iikhamera ze-MWIR kubuchule bazo bokubona umgama omde. Umkhosi, izilwanyana zasendle, kunye nezicelo zokuhlola izakhiwo zixhomekeke kwiikhamera ze-LWIR ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kwe-thermal imaging.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwe-LWIR kunye neekhamera ze-SWIR kubalulekile ekukhetheni isixhobo esifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho ezithile. Uhlobo ngalunye lwekhamera lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezizodwa kunye nobuchule, nto leyo ebenza babaluleke kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqwalasela iimfuno ezithile zesicelo sakho, unokukhetha eyona khamera ye-infrared ilungileyo ukufezekisa ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo.
MalungaKuhle
I-Hangzhou Savgood Technology, esekwe ngoMeyi 2013, ibonelela ngezisombululo zobungcali zeCCTV. Iqela le-Savgood lineminyaka engaphezu kwe-13 yamava kumashishini okhuseleko kunye nokucupha, ukugubungela i-hardware kunye nesofthiwe, i-analog kunye neenkqubo zenethiwekhi, kunye nemifanekiso ebonakalayo kunye ne-thermal. Iikhamera ze-bi-spectrum ze-Savgood, ezinemodyuli ye-thermal ebonakalayo kunye ne-LWIR, inikezela ngezisombululo ezibanzi zokhuseleko kwiimeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo. Iimveliso zabo ziquka i-bullet, idome, i-PTZ dome, kunye neekhamera ze-PTZ ezinomthwalo onzima, ukubonelela ngeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokubeka iliso. I-Savgood ikwabonelela ngeenkonzo ze-OEM kunye ne-ODM ezisekelwe kwiimfuno zabathengi, ukukhonza abathengi kwihlabathi jikelele kumacandelo afana nomkhosi, unyango kunye nezixhobo zoshishino.
